Wednesday, 31st December 1969 | Sales,Marketing,Management
Measuring the value of your small-business’ customers
Owning and operating a small business involves keeping track of many figures. From your gross margin to equity and all the expenses on your balance sheet, it’s essential to keep these numbers top of mind to manage your business. Some numbers that are often overlooked include the lifetime value (LTV) of a customer and customer acquisition cost (CAC).
Owning and operating a small business involves keeping track of many figures. From your gross margin to equity and all the expenses on your balance sheet, it’s essential to keep these numbers top of mind to manage your business. Some numbers that are often overlooked include the lifetime value (LTV) of a customer and customer acquisition cost (CAC).
Since customers are what drive your business, it’s important to understand the value they bring your business. It’s also integral to understand how much of your money was required to get that customer’s business.
If you know what a customer is worth, you can review your marketing budget to determine how to allocate your money. Not only will this help you stay one step ahead in your marketing, you can also quickly make modifications to your campaigns to enhance their performance, where needed. Here’s how to measure the value of customers for your small business.
Calculating the lifetime value (LTV) of a customer
LTV is the revenue you obtain from a customer throughout your relationship. This number goes beyond one sale; it represents all cost-generating transactions from one customer.
The average cost of a sale X the average number of repeat transactions X the average number of years of a customer’s relationship with your business
This calculation works for one‑time transactions as well as repeats. Remember to factor in any maintenance your company might provide after a sale.
For example, let’s look at a company that sells utility vehicles. Their trucks and trailers cost between $10,000 and $150,000, but average around $50,000. The company also provides maintenance on the vehicles they sell for about 10 years after each purchase.
Using the LTV formula above, the calculation for this company would be:
$50,000 average sale X 1 transaction (vehicle purchase) X 1 large one‑time purchase = $50,000
Annual maintenance on the vehicles costs an owner $300 on average. Let’s add this in, here:
$300 average sale X 1 transaction (vehicle maintenance) X 10 years = $3,000
So, combined, the LTV of a customer for this utility vehicle company is approximately $53,000.
Calculating a customer’s acquisition cost (CAC)
You now know the value of a customer to your business. It’s time to calculate how much it costs to obtain a new customer and have them buy from you. This means determining how much you’re spending on sales and marketing.
(Sales costs + marketing costs) / Number of new customers acquired through these activities
Using the same sample company above, let’s say they have a single sales manager who earns $90,000 a year, with business expenses of $5,000. This company also spends $70,000 on marketing each year sing e-newsletters, print ads, social media, trade shows and special events. Through these tactics, the business acquires an average of three new customers each month.
Using the CAC formula above, the calculation for this company would be:
($95,000 for sales + $70,000 for marketing) / 36 new annual customers = $4,583 per customer
Therefore, the cost to acquire each customer for this company is approximately $4,583.
The importance of calculating LTV and CAC
What do these numbers all mean? The above formulas can assist in calculating the sustainability of your company. In the above sample, the LTV is greater than the CAC. This is preferable. It costs this company less to acquire a new customer when compared to their overall value to the business. This positions the business favourably.
However, if the CAC was more than the LTV, the business could soon be in trouble.
As a general guide, aim for a LTV that is approximately three times the value of your CAC. As another example, if a customer is worth $900 to you, it shouldn’t cost you more than $300 (at a three-times ratio) to acquire them.
The formulas above can serve as a basic starting point and frame of reference for most businesses. Remember that individual calculations and approaches can vary depending on specific company operating models, structures and strategies. However, these basic insights are beneficial in explaining breaking down the current value of your customers, which can, in turn, inform future decisions that you make about your customer marketing and sales tactics.
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